山東成人高考英語--考試題型專講專練三：完形填空

考試題型專講專練三：完形填空

1）題型特點

專升本的完形填空共有15道小題，每小題2分，共三十分。

完形填空是單句選擇填空和篇章閱讀的結合體，因此在解題時要既考慮單個的選項又要考慮整體篇章的意義。因為多了上下文的信息所以完型填空的難度應小于第二部分的題型詞匯與語法的選擇填空。完形填空題的考察重點和第二部分單選題大同小異,所不同的是增加了整篇閱讀的綜合分析和判斷，完形填空題的選擇項可能是名詞,動詞,形容詞,介詞,副詞或連詞等詞匯題，也可能是動詞非謂語的變化或動詞的時態語態等語法題。 除了扎實的語法基礎和詞匯基礎外,還要求考生有良好的語感以及對各選項的綜合分析判斷能力

2） 解題步驟：

（1）通讀全篇 了解篇章結構和大意

用1至2分鐘的時間快讀全文，快讀全文是為了把握文章的大意和中心，把握文章發展的基本線索。快讀中，可以不管空格，對要填的內容做一大概的猜測即可。

（2）詳讀全篇，根據各種綜合信息預測填空的單詞

在掌握文章大意的基礎上根據上下文提供的搭配,結構,語意等線索來預測答案,要著眼空格所在的完整句子,瞻前顧后.必要時用鉛筆先在卷上做上標記，比如此空可能是某個詞性或詞義乃至可能是某個詞。重點解決與結構搭配有關的問題。如果有些填空一時難以作出判斷，不要戀戰而是繼續往下進行,往往進行到下文,前面的填空的信息就會出現或者有了一些有用的線索。做題時，文章首句和尾句要特別注意，前者往往是文章全貌的窗口，后者往往是起畫龍點睛作用和總結性句子。有些固定搭配的空缺或是上下文有明顯提示的空缺在沒有看到所給的四個選項之前就可以鎖定，這樣再看所給選項選擇時既很有把握也能節省一部分時間。

（3）將預測答案和所給的四個選項進行比對，找出重疊率最高的選項

（4）核對全文，核對的意義不是第二次重做，而是要檢查前后是否貫通，內容是否含糊矛盾，再從語法角度仔細檢查，以便彌補疏漏。

（5）對于個別難度較大的選項，這種選項往往是同義詞語，不容易辨別出它們之間的細微差別，則要憑自己的第一感覺，這和胡猜是兩碼事，這里是用語感在做選擇。

3） 解題技巧：

做完形填空時 在遵循以上幾個步驟的同時 還要注意解題思路和技巧

（1）搭配判斷法

根據對以往考試的分析，搭配形題目在完形填空中占的比例最重，搭配型問題主要測試常見搭配熟練程度，比如說哪些詞要搭配不定式、動名詞或某種從句，那些詞必須與某個介詞搭配，我們在復習時要特別注意 短語動詞和介詞的搭配。

（2）結構判斷法

結構型問題主要包括句型、句式連接詞的選擇等，解題時要運用句法知識，把握關鍵詞，從而做出迅速正確的判斷，完形空中有很多是利用語法的正確性與邏輯的排斥性之間的矛盾來設計的，因此考生應結合上下文的合理性，及意義關系的邏輯性，選擇最佳答案，完形填空中常考的邏輯關系主要有：A.轉折，讓步 B.因果關系 C.表示遞進，補充關系 D.表示對比 比較關系。

（3） 詞義判斷法

詞匯型問題也是完型填空的一個考點，主要測試考生在段落語篇中把握語義連貫性的能力，提供選擇的詞可能是近義詞，形近詞，也可能是隨意拼湊的四個選項，遇到這類題，既要聯系上下文又要有扎實的詞匯基礎有時還必須根據自己的文化背景知識做出判斷。

4） 注意事項

（1） 切勿拿題就做，不看全文。

（2） 注意通篇文章的關聯度，切勿把每個填空割裂開來做。

（3） 切勿把時間和精力消耗在翻譯文章上，遇到不認識的詞和不明白的句子除非是影響到填空選項的選擇，否則可以放在一邊。

5）完形填空專項練習：

A.

What do we mean   1   a perfect English pronunciation? In one sense there are as many different kinds of English as there are speakers of it.    2   two speakers speak in exactly the same way. We can always hear differences  3     them, and the pronunciation of English varies a great deal in different geographical   4  . How do we decide what sort of English to use   5   a model? This is not a question that can be   6       in the same way for all foreign learners of English. When you live in a part of the world like India or West Africa,   7    there is a long   8           of speaking English     9    general communication purposes, you should     10   to acquire a good variety of the pronunciation of this area. It would be a fashion in these circumstances to use as a model BBC English or   11   of the sort.  12   the other hand, if you live in a country  13   there is no traditional use of English, you must take as your model some fore of native English pronunciation. It does not   14    very much which form you choose. The most   15  way is to take as your model the sort of English you can hear most often.

B.

Canada is the second largest country in the world in area, although its     1     is only some 25 million, most    2   in a 200-mile strip        3    the southern border. Over 25 percent of the    4    number live in the three main cities. The northern areas of the country are almost uninhabited    5    for isolated settlements.

Canada is    6   a rich country, and its national    7    per capita is fifth highest in the world, but its economy in recent years has been rather patchy  8   the varied nature of what it does.

Over the last three years, the Canadian economy has been hard   9   by falling oil prices and by rising US interest   10   .This has   11    to a steep fall in industrial production ——by as much as a fifth since 1981. some   12    now think Canada is on the   13     to recovery, though more cautious spirits say that no   14    can be expected   15   there is a tendency to lower interest rates in the USA.

C

The computer is fast, and never makes a mistake, while people are too slow, and full of mistakes sometimes. That’s  1  people often say when  2  talk about computers. For over a quarter of a century, scientists have been  3  better and better computers. Now a computer can  4  a lot of  5  jobs wonderfully. It is  6  used in factories, hospitals, post offices and airports. A computer can report, decide and control in almost  7  field. Many computer scientists are thinking of  8    the computer “think” like a man. With the help of a person, a computer can  9  pictures, write music, talk with people, play chess, recognize voices, translate languages and so on. Perhaps computers will  10  really think and feel. Do you think the people will be afraid  11  they find that the computer is too clever to listen to and serve the people? No, people will  12  better use of the computers in  13  future. Man is  14  the master of the computer. The computer works only  15  the help of man. It cannot take the place of man.